Wireless Radar Sensor Networks: Epidemiological Modeling and Optimization

To extend the conventional wireless sensor networks (WSNs) to support wider applications such as intruder detection and border security monitoring, active radar sensors are introduced into WSNs to further enhance their capability, thus forming wireless radar sensor networks (WRSNs). To improve the network efficiency, the technology of integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) can be applied to co-design the sensing and communication functionalities of radar sensors. Since the cooperative operations of WRSNs require effective information interaction among radar sensors, data dissemination techniques need to be investigated, which become even more critical in desolate areas without the coverage of the base stations (BSs). Therefore, in this paper, a duty cycling mechanism is applied to the network to enhance the usage of WRSNs and support data dissemination, where a storage node is deployed to store the data spreading from radar sensors and a mobile data collector is employed to collect the data from the storage node periodically. Then, the epidemic theory, as an innovative tool for modeling data dissemination, is adopted to analyze the performance of WRSNs. After epidemiological modeling, the density of radar sensors is optimized by the epidemiological analytical method to maximize the throughput of the storage node by jointly considering the functions of radar detection and communication. Simulation results validate the accuracy of analysis, which also show the efficiency of the optimization for data dissemination.