Ultra-sensitive and rapid screening of acute myocardial infarction using 3D-affinity graphene biosensor

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the highest mortality diseases in the world. It is critical to treat AMI patients within a few hours, which can explain the high mortality. However, timely diagnosis of AMI out of hospital is still challenging because of low accuracy, sophisticated testing procedures, and requirement of experienced professionals. Here, we propose ultra-sensitive, facile, and rapid detection of the AMI biomarker by using a three-dimensional affinity biosensor (3DA-biosensor), which uses a graphene field-effect transistor constructed with a superwetting hydrogel-aptamer hybrid layer. The 3DA-biosensor exhibits the high sensitivity, adjustable sensitive range, and self-filtration ability, evidenced by a limit of detection down to 1.08 × 10⁻⁹ nM in whole blood. Through preliminary application tests, the 3DA-biosensor enables the identification of positive or negative for patient samples within 5 min, with the accuracy rate over 94%, paving a way for convenient self-screening of AMI for the patients with suspected symptoms.