Transient Dynamics of Three Nuclear Spin Ensembles in Spin-Exchange Relaxation-Free Co-Magnetometers

Spin-exchange relaxation-free co-magnetometers have a great potential to work as a gyroscope for inertial navigation, but the poor dynamic performance restricts their future application. An object of this paper is to investigate the dynamic performance of three different nuclear spin ensembles and the variation of the dynamic perfomance with cell temperature and noble gas pressure, respectively. The theoratical model of the transient response is applied to research the spin precessions of different noble gases, and we use the nuclear decay rate to represent the dynamic performance. A simulation model of SERF co-magnetometers is conducted so that we can obtain the relevant parameters of the transient response. Simulation results show that the ¹²⁹Xe ensembles have better dynamic performance than ²¹Ne and ³He ensembles at the respective fastest point. Meanwhile, the simulation results perform differently at the compensation point where the nuclear decay rate is the fastest in the ³He ensembles owing to the leastest magnetic field of alkali-metal spins. Moreover, the system exhibits a faster decay rate under the condition of higher cell temperature and noble gas pressure. The study provides reference for the component design of the alkali-metal cell in co-magnetometers.