Three-Dimensional Hierarchical Architectures Derived from Surface-Mounted Metal–Organic Framework Membranes for Enhanced Electrocatalysis

Inspired by the rapid development of metal–organic-framework-derived materials in various applications, a facile synthetic strategy was developed for fabrication of 3D hierarchical nanoarchitectures. A surface-mounted metal–organic framework membrane was pyrolyzed at a range of temperatures to produce catalysts with excellent trifunctional electrocatalytic efficiencies for the oxygen reduction, hydrogen evolution, and oxygen evolution reactions.