Theory and Mechanisms of the Fine Particles Condensation Growth

Heterogeneous condensation of water vapor on fine particle surfaces mainly involves two stages: heterogeneous nucleation and spontaneous condensation growth. Among them, heterogeneous nucleation is the critical step in determining whether water vapor undergoes heterogeneous condensation on fine particle surfaces. Additionally, when fine particles experience heterogeneous nucleation in a supersaturated water vapor environment and form liquid droplet nuclei, they subsequently proceed into the stage of spontaneous condensation growth. The particle condensation and growth process also involve complex heat and mass transfer phenomena, and the main factors influencing the growth of liquid droplets during condensation include the physicochemical properties of the particles, supersaturation, temperature, particle concentration, and environmental characteristics. By considering the effects of these factors in the modeling process, a more accurate prediction of the heterogeneous condensation and growth process of particles can be achieved.