The sensitivity of inner nozzle flow in gasoline direct injection injector to the nozzle geometry parameters

The inner-flow of gasoline direct injection (GDI) injector nozzles plays an important role in the process of spray, and affects the mixture process in gasoline engine cylinder. The nozzle structure also affects the inner-flow of GDI injector. In order to obtain uniform performance of GDI injector, the size consistency of injector nozzle should be ensured. This paper researches the effect of nozzle length and diameter on the inner flow and analyzes the sensitivity of inner flow characteristics to these structural parameters. First, this paper reveals the process of inception, development, and saturated condition of cavitation phenomenon in injector nozzle. Second, the inner-nozzle flow characteristics are more sensitive to small diameter than large diameter under the short nozzle length, while the sensitivity of the inner-nozzle flow characteristics to large nozzle diameter becomes strong as the increase of the nozzle length. Finally, the influence of nozzle angle on the injection mass flow is studied, and the single nozzle fuel mass will increase as the decrease of nozzle angle α. And the sensitivity of inner-flow characteristic to nozzle angle becomes strong as the decrease of α.