The morning commute problem with ridesharing when meet stochastic bottleneck

This paper extends Vickrey’s point-queue model to study ridesharing behavior during a morning commute with uncertain bottleneck location. Unlike other ridesharing cost analysis models, there are two congestion cases and four dynamic departure patterns in our model: prepickup congestion case and post-pickup congestion case; both early pattern, both late pattern, late for pickup but early for work pattern, and early for pickup but late for work pattern. Analytical results indicate that the dynamic property of the mixed commuters equilibrium varies with the endogenous penetration rates associated with ridesharing commutes, as well as the schedule difference between pickup and work. This work is expected to promote the development of ridesharing to mitigate the traffic congestion and motivate related research of schedule coordination for regulating the ridesharing travel behavior in terms of the morning commute problem.