Strong Energy Conversion at Magnetotail Plasma Sheet Boundary Layer

The magnetotail plasma sheet boundary layer (PSBL) is a dynamic boundary layer between the hot-denser plasma sheet and the cold-tenuous tail lobes. It plays an important role in exchanging mass and energy in the magnetotail. In previous studies, the local current carried by the electron beams has been well understood. The strong energy conversion (E ⋅ J, E is electric field and J is current density), however, is barely reported at the PSBL. Here, using magnetospheric multiscale mission, we find a strong dawn-dusk current with a magnitude of 80 nA/m² at the magnetotail PSBL. The strong current appears during crossing the PSBL and is primarily contributed by the perpendicular electron currents. Cooperating with an intense fluctuating electric field (reaching ∼40 mV/m) carried by the lower-hybrid drift waves, this dawn-dusk current leads to a strong energy conversion with a magnitude larger than 3 nW/m³. This study enhances the understanding of local energy-conversion processes at the PSBL.