Safety distance analysis of two trains subject to communication uncertainties

The rapid development of 5G communication technology has driven the continuous evolution of train automatic control systems for train-ground communication. Its high reliability and low latency characteristics have enabled rapid application of vehicle to vehicle (V2V) based train control systems. The speed and status information of the leading train are transmitted to the following train via wireless channels, further shortening the tracking interval determined by traditional train safety braking models. However, the impact of inevitable uncertainties in wireless communication on safety distances remains insufficiently studied. This paper comprehensively considers perception uncertainties such as estimation errors, delays, and packet loss in wireless communication, proposes corresponding safety distances, and ensures that the following train maintains a safe distance from obstacles ahead. By simulating different communication states, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified. This approach can also be extended to the design of collision avoidance safety distances for drones.