Research on acoustic-structural coupling model and tire parameters of tire acoustic cavity resonance noise

Tire acoustic cavity resonance (TACR) noise is one kind of low-frequency and narrowband noise that particularly annoys passengers, especially becomes more prominent in electric vehicles. This paper demonstrates a numerical investigation on the TACR noise via the acoustic-structural coupling finite element model. The accuracy of this coupling finite element model is validated both by the analytic method based on the superposition theory of traveling waves and experimental modal tests of tire cavities. According to the simulated models, the influences of external factors including the inflation pressure and road load on the TACR noise are studied. Meanwhile, as the main constituent component in the tire model, the effect of belt cord is also discussed. To design the low-TACR noise tire, various design parameters of the inner contour in tire cavity are analyzed. By the orthogonal test and range analysis, it is found that the contour parameters can slightly affect the modal frequency and sound pressure of TACR noise. Among these, the curvature radius of the tire shoulder ρ ₄, tire sidewall ρ ₅, and half-section height H have a more obvious influence on the TACR noise than the curvature radius of the tire crown region ρ ₂ and transition region ρ ₃. Meanwhile, it also illustrates that increasing the curvature radius at the tire shoulder ρ ₄ and reducing the half-section height H has a reduction effect on the TACR noise. This study can contribute to the design of low road noise tires.