Reliability Analysis of Spaceborne Electronic Components under Extreme Space Environments

The application of 6G communication systems across multiple sectors requires advanced satellite communication networks to meet the demands for high-speed transmission, low latency, and secure connectivity. The reliability of radio frequency (RF) modules, which form the core architecture of communication satellites, is critical because it directly determines the in-orbit service lifespan. This review investigates the factors influencing satellite communication systems under extreme space environments and analyzes the failure phenomena and mechanisms of 5 key spaceborne RF components: power amplifiers, frequency converters, filters, RF connectors, and antennas. In addition, it provides a comprehensive overview of current research on reliability enhancement technologies for RF modules. Both traditional and modern fault detection methods are reviewed to offer theoretical support for researchers in satellite communications and promote iterative innovation in satellite design and communication technologies. Finally, this study highlights emerging technologies aimed at improving the reliability of spaceborne electronic components and advancing intelligent fault detection. By reviewing existing studies and development trends, this study identifies future opportunities at the intersection of satellite communication technology with optical communications, artificial intelligence, and satellite recovery.