Parameter optimization of a single-FOV-double-region celestial navigation system

A single field of view (FOV) celestial navigation system (SFCNS) is a navigation system that uses only one camera to observe stars. This system not only requires nonrefracted stars for attitude measurement but also refracted stars via the atmosphere for position measurement. Different from traditional star sensors, the ability of SFCNS to observe a sufficient number of nonrefracted stars and refracted stars is not only related to the camera parameters used by the system but also to the observation attitude of the system. Moreover, its measurement accuracy depends on these parameters. For the SFCNS, both a reasonable distribution of the area ratio of the refraction and nonrefraction regions in the image and a proper design of camera parameters are important. Thus, a single-FOV-double-region global parameter optimization model is established to describe the relationship between the observation attitude, camera parameters, union star detection probability, and measurement error. The smallest measurement error and the maximum union star detection probability are set as the optimization objects. Through optimization, an optimal design scheme is provided. Eventually, a simulation experiment is conducted, proving that the proposed optimal design scheme has a union detection probability of 61%, an attitude measurement error of 0.57⁰⁰, and an orbit height measurement error below 100 m.