Optical fiber-based core-shell coaxially structured hybrid cells for self-powered nanosystems

An optical fiber-based 3D hybrid cell consisting of a coaxially structured dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) and a nanogenerator (NG) for simultaneously or independently harvesting solar and mechanical energy is demonstrated. The current output of the hybrid cell is dominated by the DSSC, and the voltage output is dominated by the NG; these can be utilized complementarily for different applications. The output of the hybrid cell is about 7.65 μA current and 3.3 V voltage, which is strong enough to power nanodevices and even commercial electronic components.