Hard-Sample Style Guided Patch Attack with RL-Enhanced Motion Pattern for Video Recognition

Adversarial attacks have been extensively studied in the image field. In recent years, research has shown that video recognition models are also vulnerable to adversarial examples. However, most studies about adversarial attacks for video models have focused on perturbation-based methods, while patch-based black-box attacks have received less attention. Despite the excellent performance of perturbation-based attacks, these attacks are impractical for real-world implementation. Most existing patch-based black-box attacks require occluding larger areas and performing more queries to the target model. In this paper, we propose a hard-sample style guided patch attack with reinforcement learning (RL) enhanced motion patterns for video recognition (HSPA). Specifically, we utilize the style features of video hard samples and transfer their multi-dimensional style features to images to obtain a texture patch set. Then we use reinforcement learning to locate the patch coordinates and obtain a specific adversarial motion pattern of the patch to successfully perform an effective attack on a video recognition model in both the spatial and temporal dimensions. Our experiments on three widely-used video action recognition models (C3D, LRCN, and TDN) and two mainstream datasets (UCF-101 and HMDB-51) demonstrate the superior performance of our method compared to other state-of-the-art approaches.