Frequency Agility in the 24-Cavity Relativistic Magnetron With Diffraction Output Using Rectangular Void Ring Metamaterial

We propose a novel 5° rectangular void metamaterial (MTM) ring in this article, which can introduce negative permeability without changing the volume of the vane structure much. Particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations demonstrate that the output power of the A24 (24 cavity) relativistic magnetron using the novel rectangular void MTM ring in the vane structure can be increased around 30%, while the electronic efficiency is nearly the same as for the A12 relativistic magnetron with diffraction output. The volume of the A24 cavity relativistic magnetron using the rectangular void MTM ring in the vane structure is the same as for the A12 relativistic magnetron. The Cherenkov threshold for 1-GW output power of this A24 magnetron can also be reduced to an applied voltage U = 310 kV and with applied magnetic field of B = 0.32 T at S -band. The results presented in this article provide references for high-power microwave (HPM) system design for frequency agility and mode switching using MTMs. Also, the Cherenkov threshold for HPM devices can be reduced by using MTMs, which are lighter with less volume for pulsed power system design.