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Evidence for production of single top quarks

  • V. M. Abazov
  • , B. Abbott
  • , M. Abolins
  • , B. S. Acharya
  • , M. Adams
  • , T. Adams
  • , E. Aguilo
  • , S. H. Ahn
  • , M. Ahsan
  • , G. D. Alexeev
  • , G. Alkhazov
  • , A. Alton
  • , G. Alverson
  • , G. A. Alves
  • , M. Anastasoaie
  • , L. S. Ancu
  • , T. Andeen
  • , S. Anderson
  • , M. S. Anzelc
  • , M. Aoki
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摘要

We present first evidence for the production of single top quarks in the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron pp̄ collider. The standard model predicts that the electroweak interaction can produce a top quark together with an antibottom quark or light quark, without the antiparticle top-quark partner that is always produced from strong-coupling processes. Top quarks were first observed in pair production in 1995, and since then, single top-quark production has been searched for in ever larger data sets. In this analysis, we select events from a 0.9fb-1 data set that have an electron or muon and missing transverse energy from the decay of a W boson from the top-quark decay, and two, three, or four jets, with one or two of the jets identified as originating from a b hadron decay. The selected events are mostly backgrounds such as W+jets and tt̄ events, which we separate from the expected signals using three multivariate analysis techniques: boosted decision trees, Bayesian neural networks, and matrix-element calculations. A binned likelihood fit of the signal cross section plus background to the data from the combination of the results from the three analysis methods gives a cross section for single top-quark production of σ(pp̄→tb+X,tqb+X)=4.7±1.3pb. The probability to measure a cross section at this value or higher in the absence of signal is 0.014%, corresponding to a 3.6 standard deviation significance. The measured cross section value is compatible at the 10% level with the standard model prediction for electroweak top-quark production. We use the cross section measurement to directly determine the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa quark mixing matrix element that describes the Wtb coupling and find |Vtbf1L|=1.31-0.21+0.25, where f1L is a generic vector coupling. This model-independent measurement translates into 0.68<|Vtb|≤1 at the 95% C.L. in the standard model.

源语言英语
期刊论文编号012005
期刊Physical Review D - Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology
卷78
期1
DOI
出版状态已出版 - 14 7月 2008
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