Decoupling Method of Triaxial Magnetic Field Compensation and Multiparameter Measurement in Comagnetometers

Spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) comagnetometers possess considerable potential for applications in fundamental physics research and inertial navigation. Operating comagnetometers at the magnetic field compensation point and performing multiparameter measurement are fundamental to reducing the magnetic noise and maintaining high performance. However, the crosstalk among the triaxial magnetic fields diminishes the effectiveness and accuracy of magnetic field compensation and multiparameter measurement. To address this limitation, we propose a novel method for in situ rapid and accurate magnetic field compensation and multiparameter measurement. The decoupling of the triaxial magnetic fields, achieved experimentally through first-order and second-order approximations based on the modulation dynamics of coupled electronic-nuclear spins, enables the direct determination of the magnetic field compensation point. Additionally, the method facilitates the derivation of both the scale factor and the electronic spin relaxation rate. The proposed method addresses the issue of triaxial magnetic field coupling, enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of magnetic compensation and multiparameter measurement. The proposed method saves more than 70% time compared to the nondecoupled method, maintaining magnetic field compensation accuracy within 0.2 nT. It demonstrates promising potential for precise magnetic field manipulation and real-time closed-loop control of comagnetometers.