Comprehensive Structural Parameter Optimal Design of Electric Heaters With Magnetic Field Suppression for Atomic Sensors

With the further miniaturization of atomic sensors, the magnetic field generated by the electric heater becomes a limiting factor for precision improvement. This study proposes an electric heater design method by optimizing all-region structural parameters with magnetic field suppression. The basic alignment structure is first analyzed and compared. And equilateral triangle (ET) basic alignment structure is obtained according to a system model. To seek the best all-region magnetic field suppression performance, all-region structural parameters of multi-ET basic alignment structures are optimized by considering multitarget field points (multi-TFPs) based on the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The all-region structural parameters including all-region current direction and dimension parameters are optimized successively. The consistency of the simulation and experiment shows the validity of the proposed method. Under the same heating power, the magnetic flux density generated by electric heaters with optimal alignment structure at the target field point (TFP) is reduced by 87.9% and 35.5% compared with the typical twisted-pair alignment structure and 2N magnetic pole moment alignment structure, respectively. Meanwhile, the magnetic field uniformity in the target field (TF) is improved by 90.3% and 38.5%, respectively.