Compositing halide perovskites for multifunctionalities beyond optoelectronics

Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have emerged as highly promising optoelectronic materials due to their high absorption coefficients, tunable bandgaps, long carrier diffusion lengths, and low exciton binding energies. In addition, their unique polar structures enable electric polarization-related properties, such as ferroelectricity, opening new avenues for integrating light-responsive and ferroelectric functionalities in next-generation electronic devices. Despite the exciting progress achieved in MHPs-based optoelectronic devices, compositing MHPs with polymers or metal-organic frameworks not only improves their mechanical flexibility, stability, and optoelectronic performance, but also extends their functions to multi-energy harvesting and multifunctional sensing. Herein, we highlight the structural diversity, tunability, and rich physics of MHPs, and focus on strategies for structural design, optimization of optical and ferroelectric properties, as well as functional implementation across diverse applications of MHPs-based composites in sensors, energy harvesters, solar cells, and photocatalysts. Finally, we conclude with perspectives on the prospects of MHPs-based composites, emphasizing their significant potential to advance the development of highly stable, efficient, low-cost, and multifunctional flexible optoelectronic devices.