Capacity and Connectivity Analysis for Ultra Low-Altitude UAV Ad Hoc Networks

Ultra low-altitude uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) ad hoc networks are anticipated to play a key role in the future low-altitude economy (LAE), especially in urban scenarios. In such networks, the network capacity and connectivity are fundamental performance metrics that significantly impact system design. To provide theoretical guidance for low-latency communications in ultra low-altitude UAV ad hoc networks, this paper investigates the network capacity and connectivity of single-input single-output (SISO) UAV ad hoc networks over quasi-static fading channels. By modeling node locations as a Poisson point process (PPP), we derive a closed-form expression for the point-to-point connection probability. Based on this, we evaluate the network outage capacity and network connectivity under various network conditions. Leveraging this result, we analyze the network outage capacity and network connectivity under various network conditions. Our analysis elucidates the effects of spatial node distribution and key channel parameters on network performance. These findings offer valuable theoretical insights for the design and optimization of low-latency SISO UAV ad hoc networks operating in ultra low-altitude environments subject to quasi-static fading.