An energy optimization protocol based on cross-layer for wireless sensor networks

Survivability is one of the critical issues and the most important research topics in the fields of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Energy efficiency is one of the determining factors for survivability and lifetime of WSNs. In the WSNs, severe energy issue necessitates energy-efficient approach to fulfill application objectives. In this paper, we propose an Energy Optimization Approach based on Cross-Layer for Wireless Sensor Networks named as EOA, which consider the joint optimal design of the physical, medium access control (MAC), and routing layer. The focus of EOA is on the computation of optimal transmission power, routing, and duty-cycle schedule that optimize the WSNs energy-efficiency. We first propose a feedback algorithm that computes the proper transmission power level between nodes. Then, routing protocol can make use of the transmission power as a metric by choosing route with optimal power consumption to forward packets. Finally, the cross-layer routing information is exploited to form a duty-cycle schedule in MAC layer. EOA is validated on a CROSSBOW's MicaZ mote platform, and evaluated using the TOSSIM simulator, the simulation results show that EOA is an energy-efficient approach and able to achieve significant performance improvement as well.