All-Nanofiber Self-Powered Skin-Interfaced Real-Time Respiratory Monitoring System for Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome Diagnosing

Human respiration is an indispensable physiological behavior of the body, which is an important indicator to evaluate health status, especially for sleep-related diseases. A real-time respiratory monitoring and sleep breathing detecting system with convenience, high sensitivity, simple fabrication, and wearing comfort still remains a challenge and urgently desirable. Here, a breathable, highly sensitive, and self-powered electronic skin (e-skin) based on a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is reported for real-time respiratory monitoring and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) diagnosis. By using multilayer polyacrylonitrile and “polyamide 66” nanofibers as the contact pairs, and deposited gold as the electrodes, a contact-separation type of TENG-based all-nanofiber e-skin is developed. The e-skin has a peak power density of 330 mW m⁻², high pressure sensitivity of 0.217 kPa⁻¹, excellent working stability, and good air permeability. Therefore, the e-skin is simultaneously capable of energy autonomy and accurate real-time subtle respiration monitoring. Meanwhile, a self-powered diagnostic system for real-time detection and severity evaluation of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome are further developed to prevent the occurrence of OSAHS, delay its development, and improve sleep quality. This study hopes to pave a new and practical pathway for real-time respiration monitoring and sleep breathing diseases clinical detection.