Acetylated low-density lipoprotein-encapsulated cholesteryl 1,3-diiopanoate glyceryl ether for the detection of atherosclerosis in rabbits

A cholesteryl ester analog, cholesteryl 1,3-diiopanoate glyceryl ether (C2I), was synthesized and investigated for its potential use for the detection of atherosclerotic lesions in rabbits. Methods: ¹²⁵I-labeled C2I was incorporated into acetylated low-density lipoprotein (AcLDL). The resultant complex, ¹²⁵I-C2I-AcLDL, was injected intravenously into 2 groups of rabbits, fed cholesterol and normal chow, at a dose of 555 kBq/kg. Tissue samples were taken 24 h after injection for the biodistribution study. Atherosclerotic lesions and C2I deposition in aortic samples were examined by Sudan IV staining and autoradiography, respectively. Results: The levels of C2I in blood and aortic samples in cholesterol-fed animals were 2- to 3-fold higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The autoradiography results correlated well with the Sudan IV staining results, indicating sites of C2I deposition superimposed on lesion sites. Conclusion: C2I was preferentially taken up and retained at atherosclerotic lesion sites, suggesting its potential use for the detection of early atherosclerosis.