TY - JOUR
T1 - A three-dimensional liquid diode for soft, integrated permeable electronics
AU - Zhang, Binbin
AU - Li, Jiyu
AU - Zhou, Jingkun
AU - Chow, Lung
AU - Zhao, Guangyao
AU - Huang, Ya
AU - Ma, Zhiqiang
AU - Zhang, Qiang
AU - Yang, Yawen
AU - Yiu, Chun Ki
AU - Li, Jian
AU - Chun, Fengjun
AU - Huang, Xingcan
AU - Gao, Yuyu
AU - Wu, Pengcheng
AU - Jia, Shengxin
AU - Li, Hu
AU - Li, Dengfeng
AU - Liu, Yiming
AU - Yao, Kuanming
AU - Shi, Rui
AU - Chen, Zhenlin
AU - Khoo, Bee Luan
AU - Yang, Weiqing
AU - Wang, Feng
AU - Zheng, Zijian
AU - Wang, Zuankai
AU - Yu, Xinge
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited 2024.
PY - 2024/4/4
Y1 - 2024/4/4
N2 - Wearable electronics with great breathability enable a comfortable wearing experience and facilitate continuous biosignal monitoring over extended periods1–3. However, current research on permeable electronics is predominantly at the stage of electrode and substrate development, which is far behind practical applications with comprehensive integration with diverse electronic components (for example, circuitry, electronics, encapsulation)4–8. Achieving permeability and multifunctionality in a singular, integrated wearable electronic system remains a formidable challenge. Here we present a general strategy for integrated moisture-permeable wearable electronics based on three-dimensional liquid diode (3D LD) configurations. By constructing spatially heterogeneous wettability, the 3D LD unidirectionally self-pumps the sweat from the skin to the outlet at a maximum flow rate of 11.6 ml cm−2 min−1, 4,000 times greater than the physiological sweat rate during exercise, presenting exceptional skin-friendliness, user comfort and stable signal-reading behaviour even under sweating conditions. A detachable design incorporating a replaceable vapour/sweat-discharging substrate enables the reuse of soft circuitry/electronics, increasing its sustainability and cost-effectiveness. We demonstrated this fundamental technology in both advanced skin-integrated electronics and textile-integrated electronics, highlighting its potential for scalable, user-friendly wearable devices.
AB - Wearable electronics with great breathability enable a comfortable wearing experience and facilitate continuous biosignal monitoring over extended periods1–3. However, current research on permeable electronics is predominantly at the stage of electrode and substrate development, which is far behind practical applications with comprehensive integration with diverse electronic components (for example, circuitry, electronics, encapsulation)4–8. Achieving permeability and multifunctionality in a singular, integrated wearable electronic system remains a formidable challenge. Here we present a general strategy for integrated moisture-permeable wearable electronics based on three-dimensional liquid diode (3D LD) configurations. By constructing spatially heterogeneous wettability, the 3D LD unidirectionally self-pumps the sweat from the skin to the outlet at a maximum flow rate of 11.6 ml cm−2 min−1, 4,000 times greater than the physiological sweat rate during exercise, presenting exceptional skin-friendliness, user comfort and stable signal-reading behaviour even under sweating conditions. A detachable design incorporating a replaceable vapour/sweat-discharging substrate enables the reuse of soft circuitry/electronics, increasing its sustainability and cost-effectiveness. We demonstrated this fundamental technology in both advanced skin-integrated electronics and textile-integrated electronics, highlighting its potential for scalable, user-friendly wearable devices.
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85188802733
U2 - 10.1038/s41586-024-07161-1
DO - 10.1038/s41586-024-07161-1
M3 - 文章
C2 - 38538792
AN - SCOPUS:85188802733
SN - 0028-0836
VL - 628
SP - 84
EP - 92
JO - Nature
JF - Nature
IS - 8006
ER -