考虑员工请假情形的多技能分布式资源受限多项目反应型调度优化

In the distributed decision-making environment, the shared resources are considered multi-skilled staff, independently dispatched by the respective project decision-makers from their interests. The shared multi-skilled staff, as the only link between multiple projects, are uniformly coordinated and distributed by the coordination manager. An effective coordination mechanism based on staff characteristics is designed to allocate shared multi-skilled staff for multi-project activities and determine the activity's start time. This problem is called Multi-Skilled Distributed Resource Constrained Multi-Project Scheduling Problem （MS-DRCMPSP）. In these staff-oriented projects, the staff leave will reduce the available resources during project execution, destroying the pre-established baseline scheduling plan. How to repair the damaged baseline scheduling plan with a reactive scheduling method is studied.To solve the distributed resource-constrained multi-project scheduling problem with the multi-staff leave, a three-stage decision model including initial local scheduling, global coordination decision-making, and repaired schedule is established. The first two models are used to formulate the initial baseline scheduling plan. The initial local scheduling stage takes minimizing the project makespan as the optimization goal, and the global coordination decision-making model takes minimizing the average project delay （APD） as the optimization goal. When the baseline scheduling plan is damaged due to staff leave, the manager designs the repaired objective according to the decision preference of activities and staff to repair the damaged baseline scheduling plan. A “dynamic” strategy, including “waiting” and “adjusting” strategies is designed to develop the repaired scheduling plan, and a softmax scoring mechanism based on conflict activities is designed to apply in the repaired scheduling plan. The softmax scoring mechanism includes a series of evaluation factors： activity duration, slack time, resource demand, and several immediate activities.An example of a multi-skilled scheduling problem is generated based on MPSPLIB and experimental research is carried out on this example. The research shows that when considering the repaired objectives of staff working time deviation before and after the repairing, the “waiting” or “dynamic” strategy can be applied; When considering the minimizing repaired objectives of the APD and the deviation of activities start time before and after repairing, the “adjusting” or “dynamic” strategy can be applied; When considering the minimizing repaired objectives of both activities and staff, the “dynamic” strategy can be directly used to complete the repaired scheduling plan; When solving large-scale examples, the three-stage algorithm of softmax scoring mechanism based on conflicting activities is superior to sequential game algorithm and other heuristic algorithms. The optimization results can be improved by 14.48% at most.The vacancy of the multi-skilled scheduling problem in the distributed decision-making environment is made up for, especially in the case of uncertain resource availability. In addition, it provides a suitable repaired strategy for managers' different preferences and the related reference for subsequent relevant researches.