纵扭超声换能器设计及其性能测试研究

The application of longitudinal torsional ultrasonic vibration machining in carbon fiber composite material and other hard brittle materials on more attention. Aiming at the problem that the torsional vibration amplitude is small and the coupling of longitudinal and torsional vibration is poor of the longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic transducers, a new longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic transducer is designed. An exponential type longitudinal vibration ultrasonic transducer with variable cross section is designed by theoretical analysis, then designed helical grooves in the exponential section to make a portion of longitudinal vibration convert to torsional vibration. The influence of structural parameters of helical groove on longitudinal and torsional resonance is analyzed by FEM, so the optimum helical groove parameters are optimized. The modal analysis and transient analysis of the transducer are carried out, the results show that the transducer can realize longitudinal vibration and torsional vibration, and the deviation was small for the resonance frequency between design value with simulation value, and the simulation amplitude value meets the general processing requirements. Finally, impedance analysis and amplitude test of the designed transducer are carried out, the results show that the resonance frequency is smaller than the simulation value, the longitudinal vibration amplitude is 9.4 μm, and the torsional vibration amplitude is 5.3 μm, which can be applied to most ultrasonic machining, and the correctness of the design method is also verified.