新疆地表水体重金属生态风险评估

The exposure characteristics of heavy metals in surface aquatic environments of Xinjiang area were analyzed, the safety threshold method was employed to evaluate the ecological risks of 6kinds of typical heavy metals. The results showed that the average order of heavy metals exposure concentration was Ni>Zn>Cu>Cr>Cd>Pb, all heavy metals under the health standards for drinking water of WHO. The ecological risk assessment of heavy metals showed that MOS₁₀ of six heavy metals were more than one, the probability of exposure concentrations (Cr, Cd, Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn) more than the concentrations of affecting 10% aquatic organisms were 9.95%, 9.40%, 9.40%, 1.72%, 6.08% and 0, the ecological risk to aquatic organisms was negligible for a short time respectively. Nevertheless, for a long time, MOS₁₀of Zn were more than one, MOS₁₀ of Cr, Cd, Cu, Pb and Ni were less than one, respectively. The probability of exposure concentrations (Cr, Cd, Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn) more than the concentrations of affecting 10% aquatic organisms were 15.40%, 12.01%, 24.80%, 15.70%, 98.25% and 0, which revealed that ecological risk of Zn was negligible, and ecological risks of Cr, Cd, Cu, Pb and Ni were higher on aquatic organisms, and the ecological risk of six main heavy metals was in order Ni>Cu>Pb >Cr>Cd>Zn.