The synthesis of multilayer graphene materials by the fluorination of carbon nanodiscs/nanocones

Multilayer carbonaceous nanomaterial has been synthesized using a two-step process: carbon nanodiscs/nanocones were fluorinated using either the direct reaction with pure F ₂ gas or the thermal decomposition of solid fluorinating agent (TbF ₄). Then the fluorinated parts were removed by treatment at 600 °C in air. When the fluorine atoms are homogenously dispersed, using fluorination by TbF ₄, thinning due to thermal defluorination results in multilayer materials with 7-10 nm of thickness and 400-500 nm of width. Such resulting materials and the fluorinated precursors have been characterized by solid state NMR, TGA, XRD, SEM, TEM, AFM and Raman spectroscopy.