The impact of pilot near-ground maneuvers on aircraft landing safety: A study based on flight simulation experiments

This study investigates the impact of rapid control column pull-up maneuvers by pilots near the ground on landing safety. Based on publicly available data for the B747–100B, a comprehensive nonlinear simulation model, a standard landing maneuver model, and a pilot-induced rapid control column pull-up control model near the ground were established. Firstly, using the nonlinear model, numerical simulations were conducted to analyze aircraft responses and the causes of vertical load variations during touchdown under near-ground maneuvers. Subsequently, a linearized model was employed to analytically examine aircraft response variations under different control inputs. Finally, numerical simulations were used to study the effects of changes in various aircraft parameters on near-ground responses. This research reveals how rapid control column pull-up maneuvers near the ground influence the vertical load of touching ground and highlights deficiencies in the Quick Access Recorder (QAR) data, which is used to record flight data and analyze flight performance. The findings provide a quantitative mathematical basis for pilot training and civil aviation safety management.