Temperature characteristics of Rb-N₂ single-beam magnetometer with different buffer gas pressures

We demonstrate the temperature characteristics of Rb-N₂ single-beam spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) magnetometer with different buffer gas pressures. An optimization model is proposed to reveal that the optimal condition is determined by cell temperature and gas pressure simultaneously, where the magnetometer response is maximized. Three Rb-N₂ vapor cells under different gas pressures are constructed with interior volume of 3 × 3 × 3 mm³, and a single-beam zero-field modulation magnetometer is carried out. For each individual vapor cell, the optical power density and cell temperature are optimized to obtain the maximum response signal. The unique optimal condition including cell temperature and gas pressure is determined with 1.55 amg at 148 ℃, which verifies the proposed optimization model. This study is significative for optimizing the miniature vapor cell parameters and contributes to further improving the performance of SERF magnetometer.