Strategies to Address Ethical Risks in Megaprojects: A Care Ethics Perspective

Ethical risks significantly impact the megaproject success. This article aims to develop a theoretically grounded and practically effective approach for identifying and managing ethical risks. By constructing a care ethics–based framework and validating it through five Chinese cases, we distill 15 effective managerial measures mapped onto four care ethics elements: attentiveness, responsibility, competence, and responsiveness. We also propose five managerial strategies: elimination, alleviation, compensation, reciprocity, and inclusiveness. The article contributes a structured approach for ethical risk identification and resolution in megaprojects, offering an integrated guide for managers and policymakers in selecting appropriate measures and strategies to enhance ethical governance performance.