Research on adolescent scoliosis orthosis with maintainable and monitorable corrective force

Traditional scoliosis orthoses are limited by imperceptible corrective forces and force degradation during prolonged wear, which compromise treatment efficacy. To address these challenges, this paper presents a novel modular orthosis design integrating a bidirectional ratchet mechanism with thin-film force sensing technology. The core ratchet knob enables the precise application and mechanical locking of corrective force, ensuring long-term stability, while the integrated sensor system provides real-time monitoring. The proposed design was systematically validated through finite element analysis, bench testing, and human trials. Results demonstrate that the ratchet mechanism reliably withstands a 100 N corrective load without failure. The complete system weighs only 1.595 kg with a theoretical continuous operating time of 22.4 h. The sensing module exhibits high linearity (R² = 0.994) and a rapid response time of less than 100 ms. In human trials, the orthosis maintained an effective three-point pressure balance (with a pressure distribution ratio of 2.4:1) and demonstrated robust force retention, with pressure readings returning to baseline within 2 s after dynamic movements. By resolving the limitations of uncontrollable and unstable forces in traditional devices, this intelligent orthosis offers a promising technical solution for personalized and precise scoliosis treatment.