Realistic rendering of organ for surgery simulator

Realistic rendering of the organ surface appearance is necessary for high quality surgery simulator. It can greatly enhance visual realism and hence the overall quality of the VR simulators can be improved. This paper studied the realistic rendering methods of the organ surface, including organ texture synthesis, texture mapping and lighting computation for modeling mucous-covering of organ surfaces. Two different organ texture synthesis methods were presented: procedural texture generation based on Perlin noise, and applying an example synthesis based on an Ashikhmin algorithm. All kinds of organ textures were synthesized effectively. With regard to the visibility of seams and reducing the distortion, the created textures can be mapped to 3D mesh geometry by mesh parameterization. Blending between the different textures of patches reduced discontinuities. A kind of lighting computation method was described for modeling translucent mucous covering, in which incoming light is decomposed into its two components of surface reflection and sub-surface scattering that are then deal with respectively. Experimental results show that the proposed method is both feasible and effective.