Radiation-induced precipitation of transmutation elements rhenium/osmium and their effects on hydrogen behavior in tungsten

Here, we review recent computational findings focused on the behavior of transmutation elements (TEs) in Tungsten (W). W is chosen as one of the most promising materials for the divertor armor and plasma facing components in future fusion reactors. However, W in exposure of fusion neutrons can cause the transmutation reaction and produce TEs, such as rhenium and osmium. The presence of TEs can change chemical component of materials, and therefore inevitably influence the microstructure and properties of W materials. Multiscale simulation methods have been employed to investigate the dissolution, diffusion and radiation induced precipitation of TEs, as well as their effects on the behaviors of hydrogen isotopes in W. This systematic review can provide an insightful understanding to estimate the influence of TEs on the properties and performance of W-based materials.