Radiation and Dissipation Energy Analysis of Floating System Based on Characteristic Mode Theory

This paper proposes a novel quantitative evaluation framework for electromagnetic radiation from floating systems adopting characteristic mode theory (CMT). Floating systems such as aircraft and spacecraft face unique challenges due to their isolation from Earth, where injected energy can only dissipate via radiation or resistive losses. By establishing explicit mathematical relationships between mode weighting coefficients, eigenvalues and power components (radiated, reactive and dissipated), this work enables precise prediction of energy distribution. The methodology integrates CMT-based spatial energy decomposition with full-wave simulations and experimental validation in a GTEM cell. Results show good alignment between predicted and measured radiated power. This study offers critical insights for the evaluation and mitigation of potential electromagnetic interference in aerospace to facilitate high-integrity electronic system design.