Numerical Investigation of Aerodynamic Characteristics of Parked Aircraft Influenced by Near-Surface Wind Field Conditions

The near-surface wind field has a significant impact on the stability of parked aircraft at airports. This study employs the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) shear stress transport (SST) modeling approach to simulate the aerodynamic characteristics and flow structures of the common research model (CRM) under several working conditions. The results showed that, considering the order of magnitude, the pitch moment was crucial for the stability of parked aircraft. Analysis of the aerodynamic force contributions from different airframe parts indicated that the vertical tail is the primary contributor to the yaw moment, while the rear section of the fuselage mainly contributes to both the pitch and yaw moments. Finally, the near-ground wind field of C-type roughness increased the peak values of aerodynamic forces and moments more than other roughness types. This study clarifies the influence and mechanisms of the near-surface wind field on the aerodynamic characteristics of parked aircraft, aiming to improve wind management strategies at airports.