Nanofluids turn up the heat

The properties of thermal nanofluids, which possess thermal conductivity and could significantly intensify heat transfer under different situations, were investigated. The properties and behavior of a thermal nanofluid depend on a number of parameters including the properties of the base liquid and the dispersed phases, particle concentration, particle size and morphology, as well as the presence of dispersants or surfactants. More attention should be paid to the interparticle interactions and nanoscale interfacial heat transport between particles and liquids. Multiscale modeling approaches based on Monte Carlo, molecular dynamics and finite element should be used to help understanding.