Multi-omics synergy in oncology: Unraveling the complex interplay of radiomic, genoproteomic, and pathological data

The advent of multi-omics approaches has revolutionized the field of oncology by enabling a comprehensive understanding of cancer biology through the integration of diverse biological data. This review aims to explore the synergy between three key omics domains: radiomics, genoproteomics, and pathomics. Radiomics involves extracting high-dimensional data from medical images, providing valuable insights into tumor heterogeneity and treatment response. Genoproteomics, encompassing both genomic and proteomic analyses, delves into the molecular mechanisms driving cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. Pathomics leverages advanced digital pathology techniques to quantitatively analyze tissue architecture and cellular morphology. We provide an in-depth overview of the methodologies and tools employed in each omics field, highlighting their specific applications in oncology, including cancer diagnosis, biomarker discovery, and prediction of treatment outcomes. Furthermore, we discuss the integration of multi-omics data, addressing the challenges and innovative solutions for harmonizing these complex datasets. Through an examination of recent advancements and case studies, we underscore the critical role of multi-omics in advancing our understanding of cancer and paving the way for more effective and personalized therapeutic strategies.