Metasurface-Based Holographic Display Systems

The holographic display is based on wavefront-based light field methods, enabling the implementation of photorealistic threedimensional (3D) images. Thus, it is probably the final 3D visualization technology. The creation of a high-quality holographic display involves three fundamental components: the generation of hologram, the utilization of hologram carrier, and the implementation of optical reconstruction system. In particular, the hologram carrier directly determines the resolution and field of view (FOV) of holographic display. The spatial light modulators (SLMs), serving as a device capable of manipulating the amplitude, polarization, or phase of incident light field, constitutes the primary hologram carrier in 3D holography. However, SLMs also present challenges such as limited FOV, complex integration, and multi-order diffraction, which impede the enhancement of holographic display performance. The utilization of metasurface comprising subwavelength nanostructures enables precise manipulation of the light field, serving as an exceptional hologram carrier with the potential to replace conventional SLMs. Here, this paper will review the current research progress of metasurface-based holographic systems to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing status. This work focuses on two aspects (i.e., static and dynamic metasurface-based holographic systems), highlighting the principles, techniques, and advancements.