Infrastructure Material Magnetization Impact Assessment of Wireless Power Transfer Pavement Based on Resonant Inductive Coupling

Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) is a promising technology applied in the intelligent transportation infrastructure. This technology can charge electric vehicles dynamically through resonant inductive coupling. The application of WPT is of significance to vehicle-road collaboration. This paper focused on the impact of pavement infrastructure material magnetization on resonant inductive coupling. Here, the experimental analysis was conducted with a Series-Series topological WPT system. Six kinds of pavement materials, including AC-5, AC-13, SMA-5, SMA-13, OGFC-13, and Portland Cement Concrete, were employed as the transfer medium in the shape of rutting plate specimens. The active power and efficiency were recorded by monitoring the voltages and currents on both primary and secondary sides. The experimental analysis revealed the pavement materials changed the active power and efficiency by inductance enhancement and coupling reduction in resonant inductive coupling whose formulae were modified by two influencing factors: the inductance enhancement factor and coupling reduction factor. The influencing factors were varied by pavement materials' magnetization properties. The influencing factors are useful for adjusting the WPT system's component parameters to offset the magnetization impact. Moreover, water immersing was considered an environmental impact in the experiments, showing a reduction in the active power and efficiency. The waterproof between pavement layers is also necessary.