Hardware-Based Interference Suppression Techniques for OPM-MEG: A Review

Magnetoencephalography (MEG), leveraging magnetic signal detection, is a clinically validated neuroimaging technique known for its high spatiotemporal resolution and noninvasive nature, effectively mitigating damage to brain function and mortality rates in preoperative epilepsy evaluations. Optically pumped magnetometer (OPM), a quantum sensor, emerges as the new generation of MEG detection devices benefiting from its low cost, wearable, motion robustness, and lifespan-compliant. While in the context of medical applications, the OPM-MEG system requires overcoming several barriers. Magnetic field interference has the propensity to impact the OPM, triggering output errors and thus diminishing the quality of neuromagnetic imaging. In this review, we thoroughly explore the advantages and limitations of hardware-based magnetic field interference suppression techniques and envision the implementable suppression strategies focusing on the pressing demand for the mobile MEG. The anticipated iterative enhancements in magnetic field interference suppression technology hold the promise of driving the application of OPM-MEG in more naturalistic, multiperson interactive paradigms in cognitive neuroscience, thus facilitating the development of novel therapeutic approaches for neurological and psychiatric disorders.