Experimental study of internal and external cone combinations in double-layer melt differential electrospinning

In order to improve the fiber yield in melt differential electrospinning when using a single nozzle, we have designed an internal and external cone combination double-layer melt differential electrospinning apparatus. By means of a comparative analysis using the numerical simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics, the additional internal cone has been shown to have a weakening effect on the electric field on the external cone. The optimum extension distance between the internal cone and the external cone has been found by experimental analysis of the jets on the cone, and the spinning effects of different voltages have been obtained for this extension distance. The results show that as the voltage increases, the electric field on the internal and external cone increases to the same extent, and the fiber diameter of the inner and outer layers are evenly distributed. The average fiber diameter can be reduced by blowing and suction assistance, which lays the foundation for industrial application of this method.