Enhanced absorbing properties of three-phase composites based on a thermoplastic-ceramic matrix (BaTiO₃ + PVDF) and carbon black nanoparticles

Novel three-phase composites with excellent electromagnetic wave absorption properties based on carbon black (CB) and BaTiO₃ (BT) nanoparticles embedded into polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) were prepared using a simple blending and hot-moulding technique. When the composites have filler contents of CB 10 wt% and BT 5 wt%, the reflection loss can reach -38.8 dB at 9.2 GHz, and the reflection loss is less than -10 dB in the frequency range from 3.5 to 18.0 GHz with an absorber thickness of 1.5-5.0 mm. Compared to the two-phase composites of CB/PVDF and BT/PVDF, the three-phase composites showed superior absorption properties. The Debye relaxation theory was used to explain the enhanced absorption properties.