Effect of core size distribution on magnetic nanoparticle harmonics for thermometry

We investigated the effect of core size distribution on the performance of a magnetic nanoparticle thermometer (MNPT) in circumstances when Neél relaxation dominates the dynamic behavior of particles. Numerical simulations revealed the effects of excitation field strength and core size distribution on the temperature dependence of the amplitude and phase of harmonics. In MNPT, the field dependences of sensitivity deviated significantly from those calculated when the core size distribution was neglected. These simulation results were compared with those from experiments for which reasonable agreement was obtained. These findings must be carefully considered when designing an optimal MNPT system.