Developments in research on 3D braided composites

This article provides a review of studies about three-dimensional (3D) braided composites, focusing on the key achievements of various stages. Important developments in the field, including the latest work of our group, are discussed in terms of research method and orientation. With regard to the braided process of composites, the application of meso-structures and their influences on the maximum fiber volume fraction are revealed, and the popular modeling methods are also reviewed. Moreover, the partition schemes of periodical cells and the simulation of the fiber section patterns are viewed as the two key points in parameterized modeling. In the experimental studies, the effect of braiding angle on the mechanical properties of composites is emphasized, while in theoretical investigation, the multiscale methods and the eigenelement method are stressed. Finally, problems that deserve further studies are presented.