Developments and challenges in human performance enhancement technology

As emerging technologies have advanced, some countries have issued reports on human performance enhancement efforts in recent years. Human performance enhancement is a prominent theme in the military field. As a type of potentially disruptive technology, human performance enhancement technology (HPET) is of vital importance in promoting military combat effectiveness, developing national defense science and technology, and transforming military medicine. This paper analyzes the current development status of critical HPETs, examines challenges facing such development, and points out existing problems in the field. Finally, future development directions of HPET are suggested. We hope this review will be of interest to scientists and engineers, who should carefully develop this technology to maximize human potential and focus on our social security.