Coordinated Optimization Control Strategy for Air Supply System in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

The dynamic behavior of the air supply system critically influences overall fuel cell performance and efficiency. However, strong coupling and intrinsic nonlinearities in the cathode pose significant challenges for control design, while inherent compressor characteristics may induce pressure-flow mismatches and increase the risk of surge during abrupt load variations. Existing control strategies relying on precise physical modeling often struggle to capture parameter variations and model uncertainties, and commonly neglect surge suppression. To address these challenges, this study proposes a coordinated optimization control strategy for the air supply system. Specifically, a data-driven feedforward controller with feasible domain constraints is developed based on an air subsystem experiment, and a particle swarm optimization-optimized super-twisting sliding mode controller is integrated to ensure high-precision tracking. The proposed control framework is validated through combined simulations and experiments, demonstrating improved tracking performance, efficiency, and surge resilience.