Constitutive model considering sand crushing

The behavior of sand crushing will appear when the confining pressure is up to a certain value, which results in dis-ippearing of the positive dilatancy of sand. Adopting a new hardening parameter with the crushing stress, an jlastoplastic constitutive model considering sand crushing is proposed. Comparing the conventional triaxial compression test results with the model prediction, it shows that the proposed model can reasonably describe the dilatancy of sand from positive to negative.