Competing fatigue failure behaviors of Ni-based superalloy FGH96 at elevated temperature

Fatigue experiments were performed on a polycrystalline P/M processed nickel-based superalloy, FGH96 at 600 °C to investigate competing fatigue failure behaviors of the alloy. The experiments were performed at four levels of stress (from high cycle fatigue to low cycle fatigue) at stress ratio of 0.05. There was large variability in fatigue life at both high and low stresses. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze the failure surfaces. Three types of competing failure modes were observed (surface, sub-surface and internal initiated failures). Crack initiation sites were gradually changed from the surface to the interior with the decreasing of stress level. Roles of microstructures in competing failure mechanism were analyzed. There were six kinds of fatigue crack initiation modes: (1) surface inclusion initiated; (2) surface facet initiated; (3) sub-surface inclusion initiated; (4) sub-surface facet initiated; (5) internal inclusion initiated; (6) internal facet initiated. Inclusions at surface were the life-limiting microstructures at higher stress levels. The probability of occurrence of inclusions initiated is gradually reduced with decreasing of stress level, simultaneously the probability of occurrence of facets initiated is increasing. The existence of the inclusions resulted in large life variability at higher stress levels, while heterogeneity of material caused by random combinations of grains was the main cause of fatigue variability at lower stress levels.