Bi-objective programming model for P&R facility location with spatial equity constraints

A bi-objective programming model with spatial equity constraints for the location of P&R facilities on networks is proposed. The objectives are to maximize the passenger flow volume while minimize the construction cost of P&R facilities. The concept of passenger flow volume per cost is defined. Then, this two-objective problem is converted into the single objective problem with a parameter by the linearly weighted method. Furthermore, some properties of the model solution are analyzed. The monotonicity, the upper and lower bounds of passenger flow volume per cost are also given. Finally, the model is applied into the transportation network of Anaheim City. This study can provide decision-making tools for scientifically planning P&R facility system from a cost-benefit perspective. It also can be applied to the P&R facility location for the urban transportation planning government in the real world.